Question

LaTeX: Insert math symbols

Answer 1

Greek letters
Relation sign
Sets of numbers
Sequences and ranks

More formulas and symbols

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With LaTeX you can insert a variety of mathematical characters and symbols. We'll list all the commands for you..

LaTeX supports the insertion of mathematical formulas and is better suited for mathematical work than Word. In such formulas, a few other symbols are required in addition to curly brackets, characters and letters. We will show you which commands you can use to insert mathematical symbols in LaTeX.

• Greek letters
• Relation sign
• Sets of numbers
• Sequences and ranks
• More formulas and symbols

Greek letters

Greek letters such as theta are often used in formulas to denote variables. In the following table we show you which letter is created with which LaTeX instruction. Always remember that the letters can only be inserted in math mode. This is introduced in LaTeX with $ and also closed again with $ .

symbol	Latex
α	\alpha
β	\beta
γ	\gamma
δ	\delta
ϵ	\epsilon
ζ	\ zeta
η	\ eta
θ	\ theta
ι	\ iota
κ	\ kappa
λ	\ lambda
μ	\ mu
ν	\ nu
ξ	\ xi
ο	\ omicron
π	\pi
ρ	\ rho
σ	\ sigma
τ	\dew
υ	\ upsilon
ϕ	\ phi
χ	\ chi
ψ	\ psi
ω	\omega
φ	\ varphi

symbol	Latex
α	\alpha
β	\beta
γ	\gamma
δ	\delta
ϵ	\epsilon
ζ	\ zeta
η	\ eta
θ	\ theta
ι	\ iota
κ	\ kappa
λ	\ lambda
μ	\ mu
ν	\ nu
ξ	\ xi
ο	\ omicron
π	\pi
ρ	\ rho
σ	\ sigma
τ	\dew
υ	\ upsilon
ϕ	\ phi
χ	\ chi
ψ	\ psi
ω	\omega
φ	\ varphi

Relation sign

Relation signs are needed in mathematics when a relationship between two things is to be described. Here, too, we have summarized all associated characters including the LaTeX command in a table for you..

Hint: Think again of the math mode when inserting.

symbol	Latex	importance	symbol	Latex	importance
<	<	Less than	>	>	Greater-than
≮	\ nless	not less than	≯	\ ngtr	not greater than
≤	\ leq	Less-than or equality	≥	\ geq	Greater than or equality
⩽	\ leqslant	Variant of ≤	⩾	\ geqslant	Variant of ≥
≰	\ nleq	neither less than nor equality	≱	\ ngeq	neither greater than nor equality
≺	\ prec	is the predecessor of	≻	\ succ	is the successor to
⊀	\ nprec	no predecessor of	⊁	\ nsucc	no successor to
⪯	\ preceq	is predecessor of or equal to	⪰	\ succeq	Successor to or equal to
⋠	\ npreceq	neither predecessor nor the same	⋡	\ nsucceq	neither successor nor equal
≪	\ ll	Much-less-than	≫	\ gg	Much-greater-than
⋘	\ lll	Very-much-less-than	⋙	\ ggg	Very-much-greater-than
⊂	\ subset	Subset of	⊃	\ supset	Superset of
⊄	\ not \ subset	not a subset of	⊅	\ not \ supset	Not a superset of
⊆	\ subseteq	Subset of or equality	⊇	\ supseteq	Superset of or equality
⊈	\ nsubseteq	Neither part of nor equality	⊉	\ nsupseteq	Neither a superset of nor equality
⊏	\ sqsubset	is (real) less than; is contained in; (happens; is the first substring of	⊐	\ sqsupset	is (real) greater than; contains; (comes after; is the end substring of
⊑	\ sqsubseteq	is smaller than; is included in or equal to	⊒	\ sqsupseteq	is bigger than; contains or equals
=	=	same	≠	\ neq	not equal
≈	\ approx	approximately	≅	\ cong	congruent
≡	\ equiv	equivalent	∼	\ sim	similar
||	\parallel	is parallel to	∦	\ nparallel	is not parallel to
≍	\ asymp	is asymptotic too	⋈	\ bowtie	Natural link (binary operator)
∈	\in	Element of	∋	\ ni	contains as an element
⊨	\ models	modeled	∉	\ notin	no element of
⊥	\ perp	stands perpendicular to	∣	\ mid	Splits

symbol	Latex	importance	symbol	Latex	importance
<	<	Less than	>	>	Greater-than
≮	\ nless	not less than	≯	\ ngtr	not greater than
≤	\ leq	Kleiner-als oder Gleichheit	≥	\geq	Größer-als oder Gleichheit
⩽	\leqslant	Variante von ≤	⩾	\geqslant	Variante von ≥
≰	\nleq	weder Kleiner-als noch Gleichheit	≱	\ngeq	weder Größer-als noch Gleichheit
≺	\prec	ist Vorgänger von	≻	\succ	ist Nachfolger von
⊀	\nprec	kein Vorgänger von	⊁	\nsucc	kein Nachfolger von
⪯	\preceq	ist Vorgänger von oder gleich	⪰	\succeq	Nachfolger von oder gleich
⋠	\npreceq	weder Vorgänger noch gleich	⋡	\nsucceq	weder Nachfolger noch gleich
≪	\ll	Viel-kleiner-als	≫	\gg	Viel-größer-als
⋘	\lll	Sehr-viel-kleiner-als	⋙	\ggg	Sehr-viel-größer-als
⊂	\subset	Teilmenge von	⊃	\supset	Obermenge von
⊄	\not\subset	keine Teilmenge von	⊅	\not\supset	Keine Obermenge von
⊆	\subseteq	Teilmenge von oder Gleichheit	⊇	\supseteq	Obermenge von oder Gleichheit
⊈	\nsubseteq	Weder Teilmeinge von noch Gleichheit	⊉	\nsupseteq	Weder Obermenge von noch Gleichheit
⊏	\sqsubset	ist (echt) Kleiner-als; ist enthalten in; (kommt) vor; ist Anfangs-Teilstring von	⊐	\sqsupset	ist (echt) Größer-als; enthält; (kommt) nach; ist End-Teilstring von
⊑	\sqsubseteq	ist Kleiner-als; ist enthalten in oder gleich	⊒	\sqsupseteq	ist Größer-als; enthält oder Ist-gleich
=	=	gleich	≠	\neq	nicht gleich
≈	\approx	ungefähr	≅	\cong	kongruent
≡	\equiv	equivalent	∼	\sim	ähnlich
||	\parallel	ist parallel zu	∦	\nparallel	ist nicht parallel zu
≍	\asymp	ist asymptotisch zu	⋈	\bowtie	Natürliche Verknüpfung (binärer Operator)
∈	\in	Element von	∋	\ni	enthält als Element
⊨	\models	modelliert	∉	\notin	kein Element von
⊥	\perp	steht senkrecht zu	∣	\mid	teilt

Sets of numbers

With the command \ mathbb {} , capital letters are displayed as set symbols in math mode. In order for the output of the number sets to work, the amsfonts package in the preamble must be \usepackage{amsfonts} loaded via . So that you also know which letter can be used within the curly brackets, we have summarized the numbers for you in a table:

symbol	importance	Latex
ℙ	Prime numbers	\ mathbb {P}
ℕ	natural numbers	\ mathbb {N}
ℤ	whole numbers	\ mathbb {Z}
ℝ	real numbers	\ mathbb {R}
∗ ℝ	hyperreal numbers	{} ^ * \ mathbb {R}
ℂ	complex numbers	\ mathbb {C}
ℍ	Quaternions	\ mathbb {H}
I.	irrational numbers	\ mathbb {I}
A.	algebraic numbers	\ mathbb {A}
T	transcendent numbers	\ mathbb {T}

Symbol	Bedeutung	LaTeX
ℙ	Primzahlen	\mathbb{P}
ℕ	natürliche Zahlen	\mathbb{N}
ℤ	ganze Zahlen	\mathbb{Z}
ℝ	reelle Zahlen	\mathbb{R}
∗ ℝ	hyperreelle Zahlen	{}^*\mathbb{R}
ℂ	komplexe Zahlen	\mathbb{C}
ℍ	Quaternionen	\mathbb{H}
I	irrationale Zahlen	\mathbb{I}
A	algebraische Zahlen	\mathbb{A}
T	transzendente Zahlen	\mathbb{T}

Sequences and ranks

The most important symbols for sequences and series can also be displayed in LaTeX without any problems:

symbol	importance	Latex
∑	total	\ sum
∏	product	\ prod
∐	Coproduct	\ coprod
()	consequence	()
->	converges against	\ to
∞	infinite	\ infty

Symbol	Bedeutung	LaTeX
∑	Summe	\sum
∏	Produkt	\prod
∐	Koprodukt	\coprod
(     )	Folge	( )
->	konvergiert gegen	\to
∞	unendlich	\infty

More formulas and symbols

Do you need another symbol or formula? We have already written several LaTeX articles on other areas. Simply click on the appropriate link:

• LaTeX: represent integrals
• LaTeX: create a matrix
• LaTeX: insert special characters

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